state whether the data is discrete or continuous
These data can be represented on a wide variety of graphs and charts, such as bar graphs, histograms, scatter plots, boxplots, pie charts, line graphs, etc. Now business runs on data, and most companies use data for their insights to create and launch campaigns, design strategies, launch products and services or try out different things. The examples you have seen in this book so far have been small. Vedantu LIVE Online Master Classes is an incredibly personalized tutoring platform for you, while you are staying at your home. An administrative assistant is asked to stand in front of the library one Wednesday and to ask the first 100 undergraduate students he encounters what they paid for tuition the Fall semester. c. The gender of a person, i.e., male, female, or others, is qualitative data. Using a calculator, random numbers are generated and a student from a particular discipline is selected if he or she has a corresponding number. While working on these data, it is important to know the types of data to process them and get the right results. Qualitative data tells about the perception of people. To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. Read the study carefully to evaluate the work. Finite values have discrete data. The quiz scores (20 of them) in these 2 columns are the cluster sample. B. What are the career options in the field of Statistics? O C. The data are continuous because the data can. Measurements of the amount of beverage in a 16-ounce can may vary because different people make the measurements or because the exact amount, 16 ounces of liquid, was not put into the cans. Determine the type of sampling used (simple random, stratified, systematic, cluster, or convenience). Press ENTER. A completely random method is used to select 75 students. QUESTIONState whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Misleading use of data: improperly displayed graphs, incomplete data, or lack of context. O A. To four decimal places, 9/25 = 0.3600 and 9/24 = 0.3750. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. We all know that time is very important, it doesnt wait for anyone. The continuous data can be broken down into. To determine the proportion of people taking public transportation to work, survey 20 people in New York City. O C. A histogram is used to graphically represent continuous data. Besides simple random sampling, there are other forms of sampling that involve a chance process for getting the sample. O C. The data are continuous because the data can only take on specific values. Suppose Doreen and Jung both decide to study the average amount of time students at their college sleep each night. Therefore this is discrete data. 26. Q: Classify the Following as Discrete and Continuous Data. Step 2: Discrete and continuous data. Besides the chemistry course, some of them are also taking first-term calculus. QUESTIONState whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. A random number generator is used to select a student from the alphabetical listing of all undergraduate students in the Fall semester. Whether you are a data scientist, marketer, businessman, data analyst, researcher, or you are in any other profession, you need to play or experiment with raw or structured data. Position 1 is less than the distance from G to H in Position 2. The job of the statistician is to see through the variability and draw appropriate conclusions. It is classified into two broad categories: qualitative data and quantitative data. You cannot expect your brain to work nicely with hundreds of thoughts, it will only create a mess. They both did. The two-digit number 14 corresponds to Macierz, 05 corresponds to Cuningham, and 04 corresponds to Cuarismo. Rational Numbers Between Two Rational Numbers, XXXVII Roman Numeral - Conversion, Rules, Uses, and FAQs, Find Best Teacher for Online Tuition on Vedantu. Probably not. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. the data can only take on specific values . Solution: - Data : The capacities of different hotels. Ungrouped frequency distribution of discrete data is performed against a single value. Qualitative data are generally described by words or letters. 1. Your answer is correct. categorical, quantitative discrete or quantitative continuous. It is understandable that it must be making you feel nervous right now but your emotions are valid! Press MATH. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why The speeds of the different people walking in a park Choose the correct answer below. Press 5:randInt( and enter 1,6). Making a schedule/timetable or studying together with your peers may help you in focusing and keep you active. To choose a simple random sample from each department, number each member of the first department, number each member of the second department, and do the same for the remaining departments. A sample that is not representative of the population is biased. Question: State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. The numbers of countries in the world in different years Choose the correct answer below. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. and the Michigan State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee prior to the start of data collection. That is, a member of the population may be chosen only once. These data are used for observation like customer satisfaction, happiness, etc., but we cant do any arithmetical tasks on them. This data helps market researchers understand the customers tastes and then design their ideas and strategies accordingly. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. In this situation, create a bar graph and not a pie chart. The name nominal comes from the Latin name nomen, which means name. With the help of nominal data, we cant do any numerical tasks or cant give any order to sort the data. These data dont have any meaningful order; their values are distributed into distinct categories. Divide your college faculty by department. A high school educational researcher interviews 50 high school female teachers and 50 high school male teachers. The prison populations of different countries ha Choose the correct answer below. This section will describe a few of the most common methods. A. Each student is chosen using simple random sampling. Indicate whether quantitative data are continuous or discrete. Another example is learning how to use calculators. Opinion poll posted online at: www.youpolls.com/details.aspx?id=12328 (accessed May 1, 2013). B. Determine the correct data type (quantitative or qualitative) for the number of cars in a parking lot. Frequently Asked Questions, Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, www.people-press.org/methodolwer-your-polls (accessed May 1, 2013). Press ENTER 2 more times (even the repeats). Items a, e, f, k, and l are quantitative discrete; items d, j, and n are quantitative continuous; items b, c, g, h, i, and m are qualitative. On your calculator, press Math and arrow over to PRB. You count discrete data. Weights are quantitative continuous data because weights are measured. A soccer coach selects six players from a group of boys aged eight to ten, seven players from a group of boys aged 11 to 12, and three players from a group of boys aged 13 to 14 to form a recreational soccer team. C. The data are Sampling without replacement instead of sampling with replacement becomes a mathematical issue only when the population is small. . Divide into groups of two, three, or four. Suppose ABC College has 10,000 part-time students (the population). A student interviews classmates in his algebra class to determine how many pairs of jeans a student owns, on the average. Discrete vs continuous data are two broad categories of numeric variables. But still, their samples would be, in all likelihood, different from each other. Nominal Data is used to label variables without any order or quantitative value. on any value in an interval . State whether the data described below are discrete or? Quantitative data, on the other hand, is one that contains numerical values and uses a scope. Your email address will not be published. You are going to use the random number generator to generate different types of samples from the data. For example, a computer software store conducts a marketing study by interviewing potential customers who happen to be in the store browsing through the available software. This variability in samples cannot be stressed enough. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. Difference Between Continuous and Discrete Data, Questions on Discrete Data Continuous Data. The circumferences (in inches) of people's heads Choose the correct answer below. To four decimal places, these numbers are equivalent (0.0999). a. on any value in an interval . It is also important to know what kind of plot is suitable for which data category; it helps in data analysis and visualization. You go to the supermarket and purchase three cans of soup (19 ounces) tomato bisque, 14.1 ounces lentil, and 19 ounces Italian wedding), two packages of nuts (walnuts and peanuts), four different kinds of vegetable (broccoli, cauliflower, spinach, and carrots), and two desserts (16 ounces Cherry Garcia ice cream and two pounds (32 ounces chocolate chip cookies). Ltd. All rights reserved. the data can only take on specific values . The graph in Figure \(\PageIndex{5}\) is a Pareto chart. Just as there is variation in data, there is variation in samples. B. Quantitative data can be expressed in numerical values, making it countable and including statistical data analysis. When you have a numeric variable, you need to determine whether it is discrete or continuous. Discrete. We choose ten different part-time students from the disciplines of chemistry, math, English, psychology, sociology, history, nursing, physical education, art, and early childhood development. 5. The list of fruit is nominal. Surveys mailed to households and then returned may be very biased (they may favor a certain group). Roll one fair die (six-sided) 20 times. If we were to examine two samples representing the same population, even if we used random sampling methods for the samples, they would not be exactly the same. Indicate whether quantitative data are continuous or discrete. It includes only those values which are separate and can only be counted in whole numbers or integers, which means that the data can not be split into fractions or decimals. In other words, each sample of the same size has an equal chance of being selected. Data that can take a decimal value and can vary across a range is called . The numbers of hotels in cities Choose the correct answer below. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. Discrete data is a sort of numerical data that consists of full, concrete numbers that have particular and fixed data values that are determined by counting. Hint: Data that are discrete often start with the words "the number of." the number of pairs of shoes you own. 2. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. The Pareto chart has the bars sorted from largest to smallest and is easier to read and interpret. The random numbers 0.94360 and 0.99832 do not contain appropriate two digit numbers. It is countable. Again, you sample the same five students. Pick three quiz scores randomly from each column. Once you are clear with the basic concept, you shall be able to understand additional concepts easily. Types of soups, nuts, vegetables and desserts are qualitative data because they are categorical. In one study, eight 16 ounce cans were measured and produced the following amount (in ounces) of beverage: 15.8; 16.1; 15.2; 14.8; 15.8; 15.9; 16.0; 15.5. and it is subdivided into nominal and ordinal data. The station uses convenience sampling and surveys the first 200 people they meet at one of the stations music concert events. Ordinal data have natural ordering where a number is present in some kind of order by their position on the scale. A histogram is used to display quantitative data: the numbers of credit hours completed. Which experiment had the correct results? Compare the fractions 999/10,000 and 999/9,999. The sample probably doesnt represent the entire fan base and is probably biased towards people who would prefer music. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. A more technological way is for Lisa to first list the last names of the members of her class together with a two-digit number, as in Table \(\PageIndex{2}\): Lisa can use a table of random numbers (found in many statistics books and mathematical handbooks), a calculator, or a computer to generate random numbers. . The weights (in tons) of the trees in a forestANSWERA.) The areas of the lawns are 144 sq. Samples that contain different individuals result in different data. Which is the safest route for the ship? a chemical reaction comma repeated several times Choose the correct You should ask the doubt there and then clear it, analyze it and work on it. Your email address will not be published. The students spend the following amounts: $180; $50; $150; $85; $260; $75; $180; $200; $200; $150. The other examples of qualitative data are : Difference between Nominal and Ordinal Data, Difference between Discrete and Continuous Data, 22 Top Data Science Books Learn Data Science Like an Expert, PGP In Data Science and Business Analytics, PGP In Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning, Nominal data cant be quantified, neither they have any intrinsic ordering, Ordinal data gives some kind of sequential order by their position on the scale, Nominal data is qualitative data or categorical data, Ordinal data is said to be in-between qualitative data and quantitative data, They dont provide any quantitative value, neither can we perform any arithmetical operation, They provide sequence and can assign numbers to ordinal data but cannot perform the arithmetical operation, Nominal data cannot be used to compare with one another, Ordinal data can help to compare one item with another by ranking or ordering, Discrete data are countable and finite; they are whole numbers or integers, Continuous data are measurable; they are in the form of fractions or decimal, Discrete data are represented mainly by bar graphs, Continuous data are represented in the form of a histogram, The values cannot be divided into subdivisions into smaller pieces, The values can be divided into subdivisions into smaller pieces, Discrete data have spaces between the values, Continuous data are in the form of a continuous sequence, Opinion on something (agree, disagree, or neutral), Colour of hair (Blonde, red, Brown, Black, etc. In polling, samples that are from 1,200 to 1,500 observations are considered large enough and good enough if the survey is random and is well done. The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. To determine the average cost of a two-day stay in a hospital in Massachusetts, survey 100 hospitals across the state using simple random sampling. Be aware that many large samples are biased. Age is discrete data because we could be infinitely precise and use an infinite number of decimal places, rendering age continuous as a result. Notice that backpacks carrying three books can have different weights. For some students, it might feel difficult as it involves logical thinking and mathematics but its a great option for those who love solving and putting their minds all into logic. The Literary Digest Poll, Virtual Laboratories in Probability and Statistics, Gallup Presidential Election Trial-Heat Trends, 19362008, Gallup Politics. By using simple random sampling, select states to be part of the cluster. Since this is the case, sampling without replacement is approximately the same as sampling with replacement because the chance of picking the same individual more than once with replacement is very low. It helps you in saving time later as you already have some knowledge about algebra. Measurement of height and weight of a student, Daily temperature measurement of a place, Wind speed measured daily, etc. Continuous data is the data that can be of any value. Researchers often prefer to use quantitative data over qualitative data because it lends itself more easily to mathematical analysis. Evaluate it on its merits and the work done. Sleep deprivation is of no use, instead, you should take a nap to relax the nerves of your brain in order to learn and study later. Many of these students are taking first term calculus in addition to the organic chemistry class. D. The Compared to nominal data, ordinal data have some kind of order that is not present in nominal data. All data that are the result of measuring are quantitative continuous data assuming that we can measure accurately. 134.209.154.177 It is better for the person conducting the survey to select the sample respondents. Ordinal data have natural ordering where a number is present in some kind of order by their position on the scale. Here are a few steps to prepare well for your exam which has statistics as a part of the course. the type of car you drive. Continuous data: When numerical data has . Press ENTER 15 times and record the numbers. Quantitative data, on the other hand, is one that contains numerical values and uses a scope. Grouped distribution of continuous data tabulation frequencies is performed against a value group. To do so, the ship must sail between two pairs of islands, avoiding sailing between a third p Show Less. Nominal and ordinal data can act as both discrete and continuous. answer below. Work collaboratively to determine the correct data type (quantitative or qualitative). Quantitative data are always numbers. A type of sampling that is non-random is convenience sampling. The data are the number of machines in a gym. There are no strict rules concerning which graphs to use. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. These data consist of audio, images, symbols, or text. Q: State whether the data below are discrete or continuous, explain why. B. A high school counselor uses a computer to generate 50 random numbers and then picks students whose names correspond to the numbers. The data are continuous because the data can only take on specific values. PGP in Data Science and Business Analytics, PGP in Data Science and Engineering (Data Science Specialization), M.Tech in Data Science and Machine Learning, PGP Artificial Intelligence for leaders, PGP in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, MIT- Data Science and Machine Learning Program, Master of Business Administration- Shiva Nadar University, Executive Master of Business Administration PES University, Advanced Certification in Cloud Computing, Advanced Certificate Program in Full Stack Software Development, PGP in in Software Engineering for Data Science, Advanced Certification in Software Engineering, PG Diploma in Artificial Intelligence IIIT-Delhi, PGP in Software Development and Engineering, PGP in in Product Management and Analytics, NUS Business School : Digital Transformation, Design Thinking : From Insights to Viability, Master of Business Administration Degree Program, 4 Types Of Data Nominal, Ordinal, Discrete and Continuous. Numeric variables represent characteristics that you can express as numbers rather than descriptive language. It is not possible to measure qualitative data in terms of numbers and it is subdivided into nominal and ordinal data. A high school principal polls 50 freshmen, 50 sophomores, 50 juniors, and 50 seniors regarding policy changes for after school activities. The height of a student from age 5-15 is continuous data because the height varies continuously from age 5-15 which is not a constant for 10 years. Samples of only a few hundred observations, or even smaller, are sufficient for many purposes. We provide you year-long structured coaching classes for CBSE and ICSE Board & JEE and NEET entrance exam preparation at affordable tuition fees, with an exclusive session for clearing doubts, ensuring that neither you nor the topics remain unattended. Can I get some help? The type of data that has clear spaces between values is discrete data. If we have quantitative data, such as the correct number of questions on a test, then the data can be continuous or discrete. Because students can complete only a whole number of hours (no fractions of hours allowed), this data is quantitative discrete. b. In the graph, the percentages add to more than 100% because students can be in more than one category. The tables display counts (frequencies) and percentages or proportions (relative frequencies). The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. Why or why not? Record the number. And this is the reason why most students find it to be an interesting subject. Thats why it is also known as Categorical Data. b. These kinds of data can be considered in-between qualitative and quantitative data. Nominal Data is used to label variables without any order or quantitative value. A discrete variable, on the other hand, can only take on specific values. It is easy in many cases, discrete data is preceded by the number of, which makes the differentiation of results easier. Quantitative data can be used for statistical manipulation. Any group of n individuals is equally likely to be chosen by any other group of n individuals if the simple random sampling technique is used. The data are because.continuous the data can take on any value in an interval B. A pie chart cannot be used. Working on data is crucial because we need to figure out what kind of data it is and how to use it to get valuable output out of it. According to a report, today, at least2.5 quintillion bytes of data are produced per day. For example, 16-ounce cans of beverage may contain more or less than 16 ounces of liquid. Your phone book contains 20,000 residence listings. For the purpose of analysis, data are presented as the facts and figures collected together. Hair color, blood type, ethnic group, the car a person drives, and the street a person lives on are examples of qualitative data. To choose a systematic sample, randomly select a starting point and take every nth piece of data from a listing of the population. the chance of picking the first person is 1,000 out of 10,000 (0.1000); the chance of picking a different second person for this sample is 999 out of 10,000 (0.0999); the chance of picking the same person again is 1 out of 10,000 (very low). Performance & security by Cloudflare. Causality: A relationship between two variables does not mean that one causes the other to occur. These 15 quiz scores are the systematic sample. If all the money in the 555, find the number of 10 coins in it 12. Show More. Ducks in a pond are discrete data because the number of ducks is a finite number. Three cell phone towers form APQR. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. O B. A. On the other hand, if we count large quantities of any discrete entity. Results are the outcome of our efforts and if you believe that you have put your best, then you will surely be able to score good marks. Each random number may only contribute one class member. Determine whether the value is from a discrete or continuous It is from a discrete data set because the number of possible values is infinite and countable. From that number, count ten quiz scores and record that quiz score. To four decimal places, these numbers are not equivalent. Most samples are taken from large populations and the sample tends to be small in comparison to the population. Which two towers are closest together. the number of classes you take per school year. 24 people said theyd prefer more talk shows, and 176 people said theyd prefer more music. To find out the most popular cereal among young people under the age of ten, stand outside a large supermarket for three hours and speak to every twentieth child under age ten who enters the supermarket. The sample probably consists more of people who prefer music because it is a concert event. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. . the chance of picking the first person for any particular sample is 1000 out of 10,000 (0.1000); the chance of picking a different second person is 999 out of 9,999 (0.0999); you do not replace the first person before picking the next person. In today's changing times, pursuing a career in this subject is known to provide some of the most sought professional options. Also, in both cases, not all students have a chance to be in either sample. The data she collects are summarized in the pie chart Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\). The data are continuous because the data can take All members of the four departments with those numbers are the cluster sample. ), Ranking of people in a competition (First, Second, Third, etc. 1. A. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous and explain why The amounts of time that different - Answered by a verified Tutor . OD. Ra Do you think that either of these samples is representative of (or is characteristic of) the entire 10,000 part-time student population? You sample five gyms. It was mentioned previously that two or more samples from the same population, taken randomly, and having close to the same characteristics of the population will likely be different from each other. Then survey every U.S. congressman in the cluster. Doreen uses systematic sampling and Jung uses cluster sampling. All students in those two years are in the sample. a. stratified; b. cluster; c. stratified; d. systematic; e. simple random; f.convenience. All data that are the result of counting are called quantitative discrete data. Most of these students are, more than likely, paying more than the average part-time student for their books. A. Neither would be wrong, however. a chemical reaction comma repeated several times Choose the correct Quick Check Introduction to Data Science. 10. Other well-known random sampling methods are the stratified sample, the cluster sample, and the systematic sample. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. Your instructor will give each group one six-sided die. Each travels 2 miles, then changes direction and travels 1.2 miles. Then use simple random sampling to choose proportionate numbers from the first department and do the same for each of the remaining departments. This is true even when the samples are well-chosen and representative of the population. For example, you can not have a natural order for apple, orange, and banana. The following pie charts have the Other/Unknown category included (since the percentages must add to 100%). The number of classes a student missed. Keep counting ten quiz scores and recording the quiz score until you have a sample of 12 quiz scores. However for practical reasons, in most populations, simple random sampling is done without replacement. For the purpose of analysis, data are presented as the facts and figures collected together. Continuous Data Examples: Measurement of height and weight of a student, Daily temperature measurement of a place, Wind speed measured daily, etc. The colors red, black, black, green, and gray are qualitative data. C. There are two types of data: Qualitative and Quantitative data, which are further classified into: Now business runs on data, and most companies use data for their insights to create and launch campaigns, design strategies, launch products and services or try out different things. Work more on basics as they form the basis for many other concepts. Hint: Data that are discrete often start with the words "the number of.". Note: randInt(0, 30, 3) will generate 3 random numbers. For example, in the case of statistics, algebra is a good option to learn before starting your statistics course. OB. How to Calculate the Percentage of Marks? For example, the number of subjects in a course, the number of families living in a block, the number of digits in a code, etc. What type of data is this? To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a proportionate number from each stratum. Its really normal for you to feel anxious before your exam especially when the subject is statistics. continuous, and explain why. Record these numbers. For example, it does not make sense to find an average hair color or blood type. Each method has pros and cons. A large ship is sailing between three small islands. The numbers of hotels in cities Choose the correct answer below. For accuracy, carry the decimal answers to four decimal places. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. , i.e. This table displays six sets of quiz scores (each quiz counts 10 points) for an elementary statistics class.
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